The paper demonstrated the history of the formation, establishment and operation of scientific dynasties of Jews in Odessa (Novorossiysk) University. Given the location of origin and the main period of creative activity, the author identifies four types of scientific dynasties, but on the basis of relationships (father-child or brother-brother and husband-wife) classifies them conditionally on the “vertical” and “horizontal” line of scientific continuity. In the context of the formation and existence of the intellectual community, the influence of family tradition shows the contribution to the science of scientific dynasties of the Jews of Odessa (Novorossiysk) University (Borinevichev, Rubinstein, Oksmanov, Trotskys).